Currently, there are many types of feed available for cattle, each with its own feeding method. If the correct feeding method is not followed, it can not only affect the digestion and absorption of the cattle but also threaten their normal growth and health. So what are the proper feeding methods for cattle? Below are several common feeding methods for raising cattle.
1. Rice Bran
Rice bran contains rich crude protein and fat, with high energy content. However, rice bran tends to spoil easily, so it is best to use fresh rice bran to feed cattle.
Correct Feeding Method:
When feeding rice bran to cattle, it should be moderate, generally not exceeding 25-30% of the daily ration to meet the various nutritional needs of cattle. In addition, when feeding rice bran to cattle, 1.5-2.0% bone meal should be added to the ration to supplement the deficiency of calcium and phosphorus.
2. Wheat Bran
Wheat bran is rich in B vitamins and other vitamins, with a high phosphorus content. It also contains a lot of crude fiber and has a certain laxative effect, which helps to improve the digestion function of cattle.
Correct Feeding Method:
For calves with weak digestion, when starting to feed wheat bran, it should be added in small amounts, about 10% of the ration. From weaning to skeletal development, due to the rapid growth of bones and the large demand for calcium and phosphorus, the amount of wheat bran used is about 13%, and attention should be paid to calcium supplementation.
3. Beans
When using beans to feed cattle, they must be steamed or roasted first to destroy the anti-nutritional factors inside before feeding them to cattle.
Correct Feeding Method:
For example, common soybeans. Soak the soybeans in water overnight, then cook them until they are soft, cool them, mix them with concentrate, or feed them directly to the cattle to supplement protein. Be careful not to feed cattle too many soybeans every day, and control it to 3-4 kilograms.
4. Distiller's Grains
Distiller's grains are by-products of grain fermentation in the brewing process, rich in crude protein, B vitamins, and other nutrients, making them excellent cattle feed.
Correct Feeding Method:
The daily feeding amount for adult cattle should not exceed 10 kilograms, especially in summer, the amount of distiller's grains should be reduced appropriately. In addition, when feeding distiller's grains, each cow can be supplemented with 150-200 grams of baking soda per day to neutralize acidity.
5. Oilseed Cakes
Cottonseed cakes and rapeseed cakes both contain certain toxins and should be detoxified before feeding cattle. However, even after detoxification, cottonseed cakes and rapeseed cakes should not be fed too much. Protein feeds should mainly consist of soybean meal and peanut meal.
Correct Feeding Method:
In general, fattening cattle can add 20%-25% of oilseed cake feeds to concentrates.
Above are the proper feeding methods for cattle. In summary, different types of feed should be understood for their nutritional characteristics. Avoid feeding a single type of feed for a long time, ensure comprehensive nutrition, and do a good job in feed storage to achieve scientific feeding.
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q: How much feed should be given to cattle?
A: The amount of feed given to cattle depends on various factors such as age, weight, stage of production, and nutritional requirements. It is important to consult with a veterinarian or nutritionist to determine the appropriate feeding regimen for your cattle.
Q: What are the signs of overfeeding cattle?
A: Signs of overfeeding in cattle include obesity, digestive issues such as bloat or diarrhea, reduced feed intake, and decreased milk production (in dairy cattle). It is essential to monitor the body condition and overall health of the cattle to prevent overfeeding.
Q: How can I prevent feed spoilage?
A: To prevent feed spoilage, store the feed in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Use proper storage containers such as bins or silos to protect the feed from moisture and pests. Additionally, avoid buying feed in bulk quantities that cannot be used within a reasonable timeframe.
Q: Can I feed cattle expired or moldy feed?
A: No, feeding cattle expired or moldy feed can be harmful to their health and may lead to digestive issues or even death. It is crucial to inspect the feed for signs of spoilage, such as mold, unusual odor, or discoloration, and discard any feed that appears to be spoiled.
Q: What should I do if my cattle refuse to eat their feed?
A: If cattle refuse to eat their feed, it may indicate a problem with the feed quality or palatability. Check the feed for mold, spoilage, or contamination, and consider offering alternative feed options. Consult with a veterinarian or nutritionist to identify the underlying cause and develop a solution.
