Corn, being grown in the hot and rainy seasons, is prone to lodging. So, what should be done when corn lodges at different stages? Let's find out the management methods for corn lodging at different stages.
Management Methods for Corn Lodging at Different Stages
1. Seedling Stage Lodging
No need for manual support at the seedling stage. Before jointing, corn has fewer roots and shallower anchorage in the soil. During windy or stormy weather, lodging is common due to the high soil moisture and shallow root system. In such cases, attempting to support the corn may uproot it on one side while causing displacement or breakage of roots on the other, affecting seedling growth. During this period, seedlings are in the developmental stage and have strong vitality. In high temperature and high humidity conditions, root growth is relatively fast. Due to the natural upward growth tendency of corn, aided by sunlight, it gradually stands upright.
2. Tassel Emergence Stage Corn Lodging
1. Slanting in the field does not require support: During the process of artificial support, all roots will undergo significant displacement. Old roots are prone to breakage during this period, and new root development is slow, which will once again affect plant recovery and subsequently affect ear development.
2. Flattened on the ground requires manual support: Corn plants flattened on the ground after rain are often in waterlogged depressions, caused by rain-induced waterlogging and strong winds. If not supported, the thick-stemmed plants with heavy tops will not naturally recover, especially when the leaves are stuck in the soil. In such cases, timely support after water seepage when the soil is slightly hardened can minimize losses. Otherwise, grain loss may occur.
3. Kernel Maturity Stage Corn Lodging
1. Slanting: This occurs under conditions of minimal wind and rain, proper early-stage management, or suitable plots. Lodging during kernel maturity should not be artificially supported. The main reason is that when aerial roots break, the plants are prone to breakage, resulting in more harm than good.
2. Breakage: This most commonly occurs after wind followed by rain. Sometimes, poor nutrition of the plants or plots with high edges and low centers can also lead to breakage. If it occurs before the milk stage, corn should be harvested promptly for fodder, etc. During the milk stage, it can be sold as fresh corn to increase income. Mature corn should be delayed, and harvested after maturity.
3. Flattening on the ground: Regardless of the growth situation of the kernels, corn plants flattened on the ground need to be supported. If not timely supported, the husks will gradually rot from the bottom up, even if the kernels are about to mature, they will sprout and then rot. During the support process, breakage may occur, which needs to be cleaned up to increase soil permeability, facilitating corn plant growth.
These are the management methods for corn lodging at different stages. Corn lodging can occur due to various reasons, mainly poor soil management, improper fertilization, and special planting methods. Pay close attention to these factors during cultivation.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. Why does corn lodging happen?
Corn lodging can occur due to various factors such as poor soil management, improper fertilization, adverse weather conditions like strong winds and heavy rains, and specific planting techniques.
2. How can I prevent corn lodging?
To prevent corn lodging, ensure proper soil preparation, adequate fertilization, timely support for plants when needed, and select suitable planting locations that offer protection from strong winds.
3. What should I do if my corn plants lodge?
If your corn plants lodge, assess the extent of the damage and take appropriate action. This may include providing support to fallen plants, adjusting planting density, and improving soil drainage to prevent waterlogging.
4. Can lodging affect corn yield?
Yes, lodging can significantly impact corn yield by reducing the number of healthy plants, interfering with pollination and fertilization, and increasing the risk of disease and pest infestation.
5. When is the best time to support lodged corn plants?
The best time to support lodged corn plants is as soon as possible after the lodging occurs. Prompt action can help minimize yield losses and improve the chances of plant recovery.
6. How can I improve soil drainage to prevent corn lodging?
To improve soil drainage, consider implementing practices such as proper land leveling, installing drainage systems, using cover crops, and avoiding over-irrigation.
7. Are there any specific fertilizer recommendations to reduce the risk of corn lodging?
Yes, balanced fertilization with adequate levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can help strengthen corn stalks and reduce the risk of lodging. However, avoid excessive nitrogen application, as it may promote excessive vegetative growth and weaken stalks.
8. What are the economic implications of corn lodging?
Corn lodging can result in significant economic losses due to reduced yields, increased harvesting costs, and potential damage to farm equipment. It can also affect grain quality and marketability, leading to lower prices for affected crops.
9. Are there any genetic traits or hybrid varieties that are less prone to lodging?
Yes, some corn hybrids and varieties are bred specifically for improved stalk strength and resistance to lodging. Consult with seed suppliers or agricultural experts to identify suitable varieties for your growing conditions and management practices.
10. What post-harvest measures can I take to mitigate the effects of corn lodging?
After harvesting, carefully inspect the corn crop for signs of lodging-related damage and assess its impact on yield and quality. Implement appropriate storage and handling practices to minimize further losses and maintain grain quality during storage and transportation.
