How to Handle Heatstroke in Pigs During the Hot Summer

How to Handle Heatstroke in Pigs During the Hot Summer

With the scorching summer heat upon us, some regions are experiencing temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius. Pigs are particularly susceptible to heatstroke during this season. So, what should you do if your pigs suffer from heatstroke in the summer?

1. Bloodletting Therapy

If a pig experiences acute heatstroke, quickly move it to a well-ventilated, shaded area. You can cut the tip of the pig's ear or tail to release 100-200 milliliters of blood. Additionally, administer 5-10 milliliters of "Ten Drops" solution diluted in a suitable amount of water orally, and give an intravenous injection of 200-500 milliliters of compound sodium chloride injection.

2. Cold Water Therapy

If the pig's body temperature is excessively high, prioritize physical cooling methods. Use a cold, wet towel to cover the pig's head or the left chest area over the heart. You can also pour cool or tap water over the pig’s body, head, and chest, or administer a rectal infusion of cool water or tap water until the pig's temperature drops to 38.5°C-39°C.

3. Stimulation Therapy

For pigs in a coma due to heatstroke, place a suitable amount of ginger juice, garlic juice, or ammonia near the pig’s nose to stimulate the nasal passages and induce sneezing, helping the pig regain consciousness. Simultaneously, administer a subcutaneous injection of 5-10 milliliters of camphor or 2-4 milliliters of nikethamide.

4. Acupuncture Therapy

Acupuncture can also be used to treat heatstroke in pigs. Perform acupuncture on key points such as Ren Zhong, Tian Men, Xue Yin, the base of the ears, tail tip, and tail root. Additionally, use points like Yong Quan, Di Shui, Bi Shui, Bi Liang, and Ba Zi for enhanced effect.

5. Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy

Herbal remedies can be effective for treating heatstroke in pigs. Use 100 grams each of Houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum, and bamboo leaves, along with 25 grams of tangerine peel. Boil these ingredients in water and administer the solution to the heatstroke-affected pig orally. Alternatively, use 100 grams each of June frost and plantain, and 25 grams each of Pogostemon and patchouli. Boil these herbs and give the solution to the pig. Another option is to boil 50-100 grams of fresh Malian root in water, remove the residue, and administer the solution in one go. You can also mix 100 grams of mung bean powder with 50 milliliters of vinegar and one pig gall bladder, diluted in well water, and give this mixture to the pig.

Preventive Measures

To prevent heatstroke in pigs during the summer, ensure they have access to plenty of cool, fresh water. Regularly add appropriate amounts of vitamin C and anti-stress medications to the drinking water to prevent heat stress.

What Happens When Pigs Get Too Hot?

When pigs are exposed to excessive heat, they can suffer from heat stress and even heatstroke. Pigs are particularly vulnerable to high temperatures due to their limited ability to sweat, making it challenging for them to regulate their body temperature effectively. Understanding the signs of heat stress and knowing how to respond can save your pigs from severe health issues.

1. Signs of Heat Stress in Pigs

The first signs of heat stress in pigs include increased respiration rate, panting, and excessive salivation. You may also notice pigs becoming lethargic, refusing to eat, and seeking out cooler areas or water. Their skin might appear flushed, and they could exhibit an overall sense of discomfort.

2. Heatstroke Symptoms

If the heat stress is not addressed, it can escalate to heatstroke, a more severe and potentially fatal condition. Symptoms of heatstroke in pigs include rapid breathing, a rise in body temperature above the normal range (38.5°C-39.5°C), weakness, unsteady gait, and in severe cases, collapse or unconsciousness. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent fatal outcomes.

3. Immediate Response to Heat Stress

At the first sign of heat stress, move the affected pigs to a cooler, shaded area with good ventilation. Provide ample fresh water to keep them hydrated. If possible, use fans or misting systems to help lower the ambient temperature. For pigs showing more severe signs, such as difficulty breathing or collapse, more intensive measures are necessary.

4. Cooling Techniques

To lower a pig’s body temperature quickly, you can apply cool, wet towels to their body, especially around the head and neck. Spraying or pouring cool water over the pigs can also help. Ensure the water is not too cold to avoid causing shock. Another method is to use cool water enemas to help reduce internal body temperature effectively.

5. Veterinary Intervention

For severe cases of heatstroke, it is essential to seek veterinary assistance immediately. Vets can administer intravenous fluids to rehydrate the pigs and provide necessary medications to stabilize their condition. They might also perform bloodletting techniques to reduce internal body heat if deemed necessary.

6. Preventive Measures

Preventing heat stress is critical for maintaining the health and well-being of your pigs. Ensure they have access to shaded areas and sufficient fresh water at all times. During hot weather, consider installing fans or misting systems in pig housing. Adjust feeding schedules to cooler times of the day, and monitor the pigs regularly for signs of heat stress.

Conclusion

Heat stress and heatstroke are serious conditions that can affect pigs during hot weather. By recognizing the signs early and taking swift action, you can protect your pigs from the detrimental effects of excessive heat. Implementing preventive measures will help keep your pigs comfortable and healthy throughout the summer months.

FAQ on Pigs and Heat

What temperature is too hot for pigs?

Pigs are susceptible to heat stress when temperatures rise above 25°C (77°F). However, the critical temperature threshold can vary depending on the pig's age, weight, and overall health. For most pigs, temperatures above 30°C (86°F) are considered dangerously hot and can lead to heat stress or heatstroke if not managed properly.

Heat stress in swine

Heat stress occurs when pigs are unable to regulate their body temperature effectively. Symptoms include increased respiration rate, panting, excessive salivation, lethargy, and reduced feed intake. In severe cases, pigs may experience heatstroke, characterized by rapid breathing, high body temperature, weakness, and collapse. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent fatal outcomes.

Do pigs sweat?

Pigs have very few sweat glands, making them inefficient at sweating and cooling down through evaporation. Because of this, they rely on other methods, such as wallowing in mud or water and seeking shade, to regulate their body temperature and stay cool in hot weather.

How do pigs cool down?

Pigs use several strategies to cool down in hot weather:

• Wallowing: Pigs will often roll in mud or water to lower their body temperature. The moisture helps dissipate heat through evaporation.

• Seeking Shade: Pigs instinctively seek shaded areas to avoid direct sunlight and reduce heat absorption.

• Increased Respiration: Pigs pant to release heat through their respiratory system, although this method is not as effective as sweating in other animals.

• Behavioral Changes: Pigs may reduce their activity levels during the hottest parts of the day to conserve energy and minimize heat production.

How is the hair structure of a pig like that of a human
?

The hair structure of pigs is similar to that of humans in several ways. Both pig hair (bristles) and human hair are composed of keratin, a fibrous protein. They also share a similar growth cycle, including phases of growth (anagen), cessation (catagen), and rest (telogen). Additionally, both pigs and humans have hair follicles that are embedded in the skin and are supplied with blood vessels and nerves. However, pig bristles are generally coarser and sparser than human hair, reflecting differences in their biological functions and environmental adaptations.