Spring Major Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry and Prevention Measures

With the significant rise in spring temperatures, there is a large temperature difference between morning and evening. Livestock and poultry raised in enclosures are more prone to the following infectious diseases. Let's take a look at how to prevent them.

Spring Major Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry and Prevention Measures

1. Avian Influenza: Avian influenza has a high incidence and mortality rate, with affected birds exhibiting acute or subacute widespread hemorrhagic symptoms. Currently, there are no specific drugs for treatment. Therefore, poultry should be vaccinated, and the entire area should be disinfected. Alternating disinfectants such as quaternary ammonium salts, acid-base compounds, and chlorine-containing agents can be used for disinfection. Dead birds should be disinfected and buried deeply.

2. Mycoplasma: The disease is caused by pneumonia and mycoplasma, causing respiratory infections in livestock and poultry, including chronic respiratory infections in poultry, local wheezing disease in pigs, contagious pleuropneumonia in sheep, and pneumonia in cattle. Prevention measures include vaccinating cattle and sheep with corresponding vaccines once or twice a year; pigs should be injected with low-dose vaccines into the chest after weaning, followed by intramuscular injection of inactivated vaccines one month later; although there are corresponding vaccines for poultry, their immunization effect is poor and they are rarely used in production. The main clinical symptoms of affected poultry are runny nose, snoring, and difficulty breathing. The disease spreads quickly with a long course, but the mortality rate is not high. Effective disinfection measures should be taken immediately after diagnosis, and tetracycline, tylosin, long-acting tiamulin, or erythromycin should be added to drinking water or feed for 3 to 5 days. Affected pigs, cattle, and sheep with failed immunity can be injected with the above drugs intramuscularly for 3 to 5 days.

3. Anthrax: It includes anthrax, sudden jerky movements, lamb dysentery, enterotoxemia, and black fever. These bacterial infectious diseases are acute, with rapid onset and quick death, often too late for treatment, so prevention is the main focus, with prevention outweighing treatment. Vaccination should be carried out according to the local incidence situation.

In summary, maintaining environmental hygiene and disinfection are crucial in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.