Watermelon cultivation is widespread in various regions, with a broad distribution. In the process of cultivation, one of the most important aspects is planting, which directly affects the yield and quality of watermelons. Below, we'll introduce the techniques of watermelon planting. Let's take a look together.
Watermelon Planting Techniques – Image copyright belongs to HuiNong Net
1. Soil Preparation and Fertilization
Prior to planting, soil preparation and fertilization are crucial. The land should be deeply tilled to a depth of about 30cm. After tilling, level the land and create ridges with a height of 15-20cm and a width of 1.2-1.3m. Fertilization should be integrated with soil preparation. Apply well-rotted compost as base fertilizer, along with potassium fertilizer and urea as supplementary fertilizers. Cover the ridges with plastic film one week before planting to retain warmth.
2. Seedling Training at the Right Time
Start seedling training 5-7 days before planting. Extend ventilation time during the day to gradually lower the temperature of the seedbed, which promotes root growth and enhances the seedlings' resistance to frost and diseases.
3. Planting Time
Watermelon seedlings with two true leaves or three true leaves can be planted. Planting is generally done around the Qingming Festival when the soil temperature stabilizes at around 15°C. Ensure planting is done on a sunny day.
4. Planting Density
The spacing between rows should be (2.5-3) meters × (0.8-1) meter. Typically, three rows can be planted per ridge, with 220-250 watermelon seedlings per mu of land.
5. Planting Method
With the help of a dibbler, dig planting holes in the middle of the ridges. The holes should be 5cm deep and 4cm in diameter. Carefully place the watermelon seedlings into the holes and cover them with backfilled soil. If base fertilizer has not been applied, you can add fertilizer while planting. Apply 150g of potassium sulfate ternary compound fertilizer and 100g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu. After planting, water the seedlings to help them recover, but avoid excessive watering.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. When is the best time to plant watermelons?
The best time to plant watermelons is generally around the Qingming Festival, when the soil temperature stabilizes at approximately 15°C.
2. How deep should I dig the planting holes for watermelon seedlings?
The planting holes for watermelon seedlings should be approximately 5cm deep and 4cm in diameter.
3. How can I prevent watermelon seedlings from wilting after planting?
To prevent watermelon seedlings from wilting after planting, ensure they are adequately watered but avoid excessive watering. Proper soil moisture is essential for seedling health.
4. What should I do if I notice pests or diseases affecting my watermelon plants?
If you notice pests or diseases affecting your watermelon plants, take prompt action to control them. This may involve using appropriate pesticides or fungicides recommended for watermelon cultivation.
5. How often should I water newly planted watermelon seedlings?
Newly planted watermelon seedlings should be watered regularly to keep the soil consistently moist, but not waterlogged. Monitor soil moisture levels and adjust watering frequency accordingly.
6. Can watermelon plants tolerate frost?
No, watermelon plants are sensitive to frost. It's essential to avoid planting them in areas where frost is common or to provide protection during cold weather.
7. How long does it take for watermelon seedlings to germinate?
Watermelon seedlings typically germinate within 7-10 days under optimal growing conditions, including adequate moisture and warmth.
8. What are some common pests and diseases that affect watermelon plants?
Common pests that may affect watermelon plants include aphids, cucumber beetles, and spider mites. Diseases such as powdery mildew and bacterial wilt can also occur.
9. Can I grow watermelons in containers?
Yes, watermelons can be grown in containers, but ensure the container is large enough to accommodate the plant's root system. Provide proper support for the vines and adequate sunlight for optimal growth.
10. How can I tell when watermelons are ripe for harvest?
Watermelons are typically ripe for harvest when the tendril closest to the fruit turns brown and dry, and the underside of the fruit develops a creamy yellow color. Additionally, the fruit should sound hollow when tapped.
